<aside> 💡 Chapter 5, 121-133; 138-150 + Study Questions

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Study Questions

Chapter Preview

• Discussion of instrumental conditioning and goal-directed behavior
• Training involved in training a quarterback to throw a touchdown or a child to skip rope
• Obtaining a goal or reinforcer depends on prior occurrence of the designated response
• 4 basic types of instrumental conditioning
• Classical conditioning: reflects how organisms adjust to events in their environment that they do not directly control
• Learning situations in which stimuli an organism encounters are a result or consequence of its behavior
  • Goal-directed
  • Instrumental, because responding is necessary to produce a desired environmental outcome
• Individual’s behavior is instrumental in producing a significant stimulus or outcome

<aside> 💡 Instrumental behavior: behavior that occurs because it was previously effective in producing certain consequences

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Early Investigations of Instrumental Conditioning

• Thorndike